KMID : 0191120210360190130
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Journal of Korean Medical Science 2021 Volume.36 No. 19 p.130 ~ p.130
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Current Asthma Prevalence Using Methacholine Challenge Test in Korean Children from 2010 to 2014
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Woo Hyeon-Jin
Samra Mona Salem Lim Dae-Hyun Kim Jeong-Hee
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Abstract
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Background: Most epidemiological studies depend on the subjects' response to asthma symptom questionnaires. Questionnaire-based study for childhood asthma prevalence may overestimate the true prevalence. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ¡°Current asthma¡± using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire and methacholine challenge test in Korean children.
Methods: Our survey on allergic disease included 4,791 children (age 7?12 years) from 2010 to 2014 in Korean elementary schools. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) was defined as provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (PC20) ¡Â 16 mg/mL. ¡°Current asthma symptoms¡± was defined as positive response to ¡°Wheezing, current,¡± ¡°Treatment, current,¡± or ¡°Exercise, current.¡± ¡°Current asthma¡± was defined when the subjects with ¡°Current asthma symptoms¡± showed BHR on the methacholine challenge test or had less than 70% of predicted FEV1 value.
Results: The prevalence of ¡°Wheezing, ever,¡± ¡°Wheezing, current,¡± ¡°Diagnosis, ever,¡± ¡°Treatment, current,¡± ¡°Exercise, current,¡± and ¡°Current asthma symptoms¡± was 19.6%, 6.9%, 10.0%, 3.3%, 3.5%, and 9.6%, respectively, in our cross-sectional study of Korean elementary school students. The prevalence of BHR in elementary school students was 14.5%. The prevalence of BHR in children with ¡°Wheezing, ever,¡± ¡°Wheezing, current,¡± ¡°Diagnosis, ever,¡± ¡°Treatment, current,¡± and ¡°Exercise, current¡± was 22.3%, 30.5%, 22.4%, 28.8%, and 29.9%, respectively. BHR was 26.1% in those with ¡°Current asthma symptoms.¡± The prevalence of ¡°Current asthma¡± was 2.7%.
Conclusions: Our large-scale study provides 2.7% prevalence of current asthma in Korean elementary school children. Since approximately one third of the children who have ¡°Current asthma symptoms¡± present BHR, both subjective and objective methods are required to accurately predict asthma in subjects with asthma symptoms.
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KEYWORD
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Asthma, Prevalence, Child, Epidemiology, Questionnaires, Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness
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